Eve's Herbs (Harvard University Press)

The question addressed in this book is: if women once had access to effective means of birth control, why was this knowledge lost to them in modern times? The author asks what women knew about regulating fertility with herbs, and shows how the new intellectual, religious and legal climate of the early modern period tended to cast suspicion on women who employed the "secret knowledge" to terminate or prevent pregnancy. Knowledge of the menstral-regulating qualities of rue, pennyroyal and other herbs was widespread through the centuries among herbalists, apothecaries, doctors, and laywomen themselves, even as theologians and legal scholars began advancing the idea that the foetus was fully human from the moment of conception.