What is the difference between right and wrong? This is no easy question to answer, yet we constantly try to make it so, frequently appealing to some hidden cache of cut-and-dried absolutes, whether drawn from God, universal reason, or societal authority. Combining cognitive science with a pragmatist philosophical framework in"Morality for Humans: ""Ethical Understanding from the Perspective of Cognitive Science," Mark Johnson argues that appealing solely to absolute principles and values is not only scientifically unsound but even morally suspect. He shows that the standards for the kinds of people we should be and how we should treat one anotherwhich we often think of as universalare in fact frequently subject to change. And we should be okay with that. Taking context into consideration, he offers a remarkably nuanced, naturalistic view of ethics that sees us creatively adapt our standards according to given needs, emerging problems, and social interactions. Ethical naturalism is not just a revamped form of relativism. Indeed, Johnson attempts to overcome the absolutist-versus-relativist impasse that has been one of the most intractable problems in the history of philosophy. He does so through a careful and inclusive look at the many ways we reason about right and wrong. Much of our moral thought, he shows, is automatic and intuitive, gut feelings that we follow up and attempt to justify with rational analysis and argument. However, good moral deliberation is not limited merely to intuitive judgments supported after the fact aby reasoning. Johnson points out a crucial third element: we"imagine"how our decisions will play out, how we or the world would change with each action we might take. Plumbing this imaginative dimension of moral reasoning, he provides a psychologically sophisticated view of moral problem solving, one perfectly suited for the embodied, culturally embedded, and ever-developing human creatures that we are."
Along with reproduction, balancing energy expenditure with the limits of resource acquisition is essential for both a species and a population...254,46 zł
In this classic of science history, Shapin takes into account the culture - the variety of beliefs, practices, and influences - that in the 1600s...98,16 zł
Martha Gellhorn was one of the first - and most widely read - female war correspondents of the twentieth century. She is best known for her fearless...71,04 zł
In "The Voice Imitator," translated by Kenneth Northcott, Bernhard gives us one of his most darkly comic works. A series of parable-like anecdotes...55,31 zł
No film critic has ever been as influential--or as beloved-- as Roger Ebert. Over more than four decades, he built a reputation writing reviews...138,85 zł
Beards--they're all the rage these days. Take a look around: from hip urbanites to rustic outdoorsmen, well-groomed metrosexuals to post-season...130,04 zł
Romulo Gallegos is best known for being Venezuela's first democratically elected president. But in his native land he is equally famous as a...75,49 zł
In 1957, the University of Chicago Press asked acclaimed best-selling historian Daniel J. Boorstin to oversee a series of accessible yet authoritative...98,75 zł
This penultimate volume in Pelikan's acclaimed history of Christian doctine - winner with Volume 3 of the medieval Academy's prestigious Haskins...101,91 zł
Whitehead's magnum opus is as important as it is difficult. It is the only work in which his metaphysical ideas are stated systematically and...216,27 zł
124,48 zł
McCawley supplements his earlier book--which covers such topics as presuppositional logic, the logic of mass terms and nonstandard quantifiers,...368,18 zł
Opinie i recenzje użytkowników
Dodaj opinie lub recenzję dla Morality for humans. Twój komentarz zostanie wyświetlony po moderacji.